Self-control Failure
Yes, I utterly failed GAS control again. I bought another rangefinder camera, a Zeiss Ikon ZM. I used Leica M3 and M2 cameras for 40 years. They did not have built-in light meters, and I wanted extra convenience in a busy setting, such as city photography (or when the relatives were impatient). What camera body would provide auto exposure with M-mount lenses? Choices in 2025 were limited.
- Minolta CLE from the 1980s. No, too old.
- Leica M7. The luxury option - tempting! Nice!
- Zeiss Ikon ZM from 2005.
- Bessa R2A or R3A. My friend in town said repairs were an ugly experience, and he thought they felt rather discount. And now they cost $1200+ from the Japanese vendors. No.
- Konica Hexar RF. Rare and may not be totally compatible with Leica M lenses (a controversial topic among internet warriors). No.
- Rollei 35RF "Classic Edition," 2002. Special edition of the Bessa R2 camera. Rare.
In 2025, Glazer's Camera in Seattle, Washington, listed a clean ZM for an acceptable price. I drove north and bought it.
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| Zeiss Ikon ZM with 21mm ƒ/4.5 Zeiss C-Biogon lens and Leica 21mm viewfinder |
Zeiss Ikon ZM
Zeiss started selling the ZM in 2005-2006. The camera was about the same size as a Leica M but was a bit lighter. It has a brilliant clean viewfinder. The auto-exposure function allows quick field work. Cosina in Japan manufactured the body, but it was significantly different than the Bessa bodies that Cosina also built. I will not review the technical details of the ZM because they are available on sites such as at Camera-Wiki and Casual Photophile.
Some users complained that the rangefinder patch blanked out if their eye was not directly centered in the finder. This seldom was a problem for me.
Zeiss also introduced a series of ZM lenses in Leica M mount. Many reviewers say the ZM lenses offer similar performance to Leica lenses but at lower price. I have the Zeiss ZM 21mm ƒ/4.5 Biogon lens and love it. As of 2026, some of the ZM lenses are still available new. The 50mm ƒ/1.5 C-Sonnar is a modern update to the classic Sonnar formulation.
Alas, despite the technical excellence, the ZM body did not sell well, and Zeiss ended production in 2012. Their timing was rough because the digital tsunami was overwhelming the photography world during the early 2000s. Very few new film cameras sold then, and the market was awash with used film cameras that people were clearing out from their homes and studios. (That was the time to buy great bargains.)
But today, the ZM appears to be selling well. It is an alternative to the much more expensive Leica M7.
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| Zeiss Ikon body with 5cm ƒ/2 Summitar lens |
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| Top view showing large shutter speed control |
Incompatible M-mount Lenses
The Zeiss Ikon body will accept most Leica M mount lenses as well as older thread-mount lenses with the appropriate LTM-M adapter. I have used mine with my 1950 5cm ƒ/2 Summitar lens and a 1962 Soviet Юпитер-8 lens. In fact, the Summitar performs better on this ZM body than it does on my Leica IIIC body (the latter has some problem in its lens mount).
Leica M bodies have a rangefinder base length (meaning the distance from the middle of the viewfinder window to the middle of the rangefinder window) of 69.25mm. Leitz set this in 1954, and all Leica M cameras since then have used 69.25mm. The ZM has a base length of 75mm. Therefore, Leica lenses with auxiliary goggles will not work properly because the goggles will not align with the ZM's windows:
- 35mm ƒ/3.5 Summaron-RF
- 35mm ƒ/2.8 Summaron-RF (6-element design with lanthanum glass)
- 35mm ƒ/2 Summicron-RF (the famous 8-element design)
- 135mm ƒ/2.8 Elmarit
From personal experience, I know that the 50mm ƒ/2 Summicron-DR (dual-range) lens will not mount correctly on the ZM body. That is my favorite 50mm lens. Instead, I can use the Type 4 Summicron.
The body of the ZM is about the same width and depth as a Leica M. But the ZM is a bit taller. The film rewind is on the bottom, so the left side of the ZM is smooth. A Pentax MX camera is smaller in all dimensions except for the hump of the prism.
The Pentax MX really is a gem of compact engineering. (I like geeky pictures like this. But, of course, they have little to do with real photography out in the field.)
Minor Repair
The shutter speed control lost its click detents. I do not know what shutter speeds it set, and I ruined part of a roll of film. Fortunately, the technician at Camera Solutions in Portland, Oregon, was able to repair it. But this was a simple mechanical issue; what about a more major failure, such as the electronic shutter??
Film Examples
Here are samples from Oregon and western Washington with various lenses. Click any picture to enlarge it.
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| Gift store, Newport Beach, Oregon (35mm ƒ/2 Summicron lens) |
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| Post office, Menlo, Washington (5cm ƒ/2 Summitar lens) |
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| House with posters, Naselle, Washington (21mm ƒ/4.5 Zeiss Biogon-C lens) |
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| Attack flamingos guarding the property, Central Street, Olympia (21mm Biogon-C lens) |
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| Graffiti, below Henderson Park Lane, Olympia (21mm Biogon-C lens) |
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| Rail line, Henderson Park Lane (90mm ƒ/4 Elmar-M lens) |
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| Motel, 1st Street, Shelton (50mm ƒ/2 Summicron (Type IV) lens) |
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| Alley off Broadway, Aberdeen (35mm ƒ/4 Summicron lens) |
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| Former Reliable Steel, West Bay Drive NW, Olympia (21mm ƒ/4.5 Zeiss Biogon-C lens) |
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| Zenker Valley Road, Centralia (90mm ƒ/2.5 Leica Summarit lens) |
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| Autumn on Zenker Valley Road, Centralia (35mm ƒ/2 Summicron lens) |
Summary
This camera is fun. The Zeiss Ikon ZM is easy to use and is lighter than Leica M bodies. All my lenses focus correctly. Even my 1950 Summitar lens performs remarkably well when mounted on this body. The auto exposure system seems foolproof.
Final thought: Highly recommended so long as you can accept the fact that the ZM is an electronically controlled device. It does not seem to be as robust as Leica M film cameras. If the ZM breaks, possibly only Zeiss in Germany will repair it (and at quite a price).
